Bitcoin Core  27.99.0
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Enumerations | Functions
strencodings.h File Reference
#include <span.h>
#include <util/string.h>
#include <charconv>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <limits>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <system_error>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>
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Enumerations

enum  SafeChars { SAFE_CHARS_DEFAULT , SAFE_CHARS_UA_COMMENT , SAFE_CHARS_FILENAME , SAFE_CHARS_URI }
 Utilities for converting data from/to strings. More...
 
enum class  ByteUnit : uint64_t {
  NOOP = 1ULL , k = 1000ULL , K = 1024ULL , m = 1'000'000ULL ,
  M = 1ULL << 20 , g = 1'000'000'000ULL , G = 1ULL << 30 , t = 1'000'000'000'000ULL ,
  T = 1ULL << 40
}
 Used by ParseByteUnits() Lowercase base 1000 Uppercase base 1024. More...
 

Functions

std::string SanitizeString (std::string_view str, int rule=SAFE_CHARS_DEFAULT)
 Remove unsafe chars. More...
 
template<typename Byte = std::byte>
std::optional< std::vector< Byte > > TryParseHex (std::string_view str)
 Parse the hex string into bytes (uint8_t or std::byte). More...
 
template<typename Byte = uint8_t>
std::vector< Byte > ParseHex (std::string_view hex_str)
 Like TryParseHex, but returns an empty vector on invalid input. More...
 
signed char HexDigit (char c)
 
bool IsHex (std::string_view str)
 
bool IsHexNumber (std::string_view str)
 Return true if the string is a hex number, optionally prefixed with "0x". More...
 
std::optional< std::vector< unsigned char > > DecodeBase64 (std::string_view str)
 
std::string EncodeBase64 (Span< const unsigned char > input)
 
std::string EncodeBase64 (Span< const std::byte > input)
 
std::string EncodeBase64 (std::string_view str)
 
std::optional< std::vector< unsigned char > > DecodeBase32 (std::string_view str)
 
std::string EncodeBase32 (Span< const unsigned char > input, bool pad=true)
 Base32 encode. More...
 
std::string EncodeBase32 (std::string_view str, bool pad=true)
 Base32 encode. More...
 
bool SplitHostPort (std::string_view in, uint16_t &portOut, std::string &hostOut)
 Splits socket address string into host string and port value. More...
 
template<typename T >
LocaleIndependentAtoi (std::string_view str)
 
constexpr bool IsDigit (char c)
 Tests if the given character is a decimal digit. More...
 
constexpr bool IsSpace (char c) noexcept
 Tests if the given character is a whitespace character. More...
 
template<typename T >
std::optional< T > ToIntegral (std::string_view str)
 Convert string to integral type T. More...
 
bool ParseInt32 (std::string_view str, int32_t *out)
 Convert string to signed 32-bit integer with strict parse error feedback. More...
 
bool ParseInt64 (std::string_view str, int64_t *out)
 Convert string to signed 64-bit integer with strict parse error feedback. More...
 
bool ParseUInt8 (std::string_view str, uint8_t *out)
 Convert decimal string to unsigned 8-bit integer with strict parse error feedback. More...
 
bool ParseUInt16 (std::string_view str, uint16_t *out)
 Convert decimal string to unsigned 16-bit integer with strict parse error feedback. More...
 
bool ParseUInt32 (std::string_view str, uint32_t *out)
 Convert decimal string to unsigned 32-bit integer with strict parse error feedback. More...
 
bool ParseUInt64 (std::string_view str, uint64_t *out)
 Convert decimal string to unsigned 64-bit integer with strict parse error feedback. More...
 
std::string HexStr (const Span< const uint8_t > s)
 Convert a span of bytes to a lower-case hexadecimal string. More...
 
std::string HexStr (const Span< const char > s)
 
std::string HexStr (const Span< const std::byte > s)
 
std::string FormatParagraph (std::string_view in, size_t width=79, size_t indent=0)
 Format a paragraph of text to a fixed width, adding spaces for indentation to any added line. More...
 
template<typename T >
bool TimingResistantEqual (const T &a, const T &b)
 Timing-attack-resistant comparison. More...
 
bool ParseFixedPoint (std::string_view, int decimals, int64_t *amount_out)
 Parse number as fixed point according to JSON number syntax. More...
 
template<int frombits, int tobits, bool pad, typename O , typename It , typename I = IntIdentity>
bool ConvertBits (O outfn, It it, It end, I infn={})
 Convert from one power-of-2 number base to another. More...
 
constexpr char ToLower (char c)
 Converts the given character to its lowercase equivalent. More...
 
std::string ToLower (std::string_view str)
 Returns the lowercase equivalent of the given string. More...
 
constexpr char ToUpper (char c)
 Converts the given character to its uppercase equivalent. More...
 
std::string ToUpper (std::string_view str)
 Returns the uppercase equivalent of the given string. More...
 
std::string Capitalize (std::string str)
 Capitalizes the first character of the given string. More...
 
std::optional< uint64_t > ParseByteUnits (std::string_view str, ByteUnit default_multiplier)
 Parse a string with suffix unit [k|K|m|M|g|G|t|T]. More...
 

Enumeration Type Documentation

◆ ByteUnit

enum ByteUnit : uint64_t
strong

Used by ParseByteUnits() Lowercase base 1000 Uppercase base 1024.

Enumerator
NOOP 

Definition at line 40 of file strencodings.h.

◆ SafeChars

enum SafeChars

Utilities for converting data from/to strings.

Used by SanitizeString()

Enumerator
SAFE_CHARS_DEFAULT 

The full set of allowed chars.

SAFE_CHARS_UA_COMMENT 

BIP-0014 subset.

SAFE_CHARS_FILENAME 

Chars allowed in filenames.

SAFE_CHARS_URI 

Chars allowed in URIs (RFC 3986)

Definition at line 27 of file strencodings.h.

Function Documentation

◆ Capitalize()

std::string Capitalize ( std::string  str)

Capitalizes the first character of the given string.

This function is locale independent. It only converts lowercase characters in the standard 7-bit ASCII range. This is a feature, not a limitation.

Parameters
[in]strthe string to capitalize.
Returns
string with the first letter capitalized.

Definition at line 462 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ConvertBits()

template<int frombits, int tobits, bool pad, typename O , typename It , typename I = IntIdentity>
bool ConvertBits ( outfn,
It  it,
It  end,
infn = {} 
)

Convert from one power-of-2 number base to another.

Definition at line 279 of file strencodings.h.

◆ DecodeBase32()

std::optional<std::vector<unsigned char> > DecodeBase32 ( std::string_view  str)

Definition at line 196 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ DecodeBase64()

std::optional<std::vector<unsigned char> > DecodeBase64 ( std::string_view  str)

Definition at line 141 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ EncodeBase32() [1/2]

std::string EncodeBase32 ( Span< const unsigned char >  input,
bool  pad = true 
)

Base32 encode.

If pad is true, then the output will be padded with '=' so that its length is a multiple of 8.

Definition at line 176 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ EncodeBase32() [2/2]

std::string EncodeBase32 ( std::string_view  str,
bool  pad = true 
)

Base32 encode.

If pad is true, then the output will be padded with '=' so that its length is a multiple of 8.

Definition at line 191 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ EncodeBase64() [1/3]

std::string EncodeBase64 ( Span< const std::byte >  input)
inline

Definition at line 79 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ EncodeBase64() [2/3]

std::string EncodeBase64 ( Span< const unsigned char >  input)

Definition at line 130 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ EncodeBase64() [3/3]

std::string EncodeBase64 ( std::string_view  str)
inline

Definition at line 80 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ FormatParagraph()

std::string FormatParagraph ( std::string_view  in,
size_t  width = 79,
size_t  indent = 0 
)

Format a paragraph of text to a fixed width, adding spaces for indentation to any added line.

Definition at line 285 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ HexDigit()

signed char HexDigit ( char  c)

Definition at line 57 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ HexStr() [1/3]

std::string HexStr ( const Span< const char >  s)
inline

Definition at line 238 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ HexStr() [2/3]

std::string HexStr ( const Span< const std::byte >  s)
inline

Definition at line 239 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ HexStr() [3/3]

std::string HexStr ( const Span< const uint8_t >  s)

Convert a span of bytes to a lower-case hexadecimal string.

Definition at line 487 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ IsDigit()

constexpr bool IsDigit ( char  c)
constexpr

Tests if the given character is a decimal digit.

Parameters
[in]ccharacter to test
Returns
true if the argument is a decimal digit; otherwise false.

Definition at line 152 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ IsHex()

bool IsHex ( std::string_view  str)

Definition at line 62 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ IsHexNumber()

bool IsHexNumber ( std::string_view  str)

Return true if the string is a hex number, optionally prefixed with "0x".

Definition at line 70 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ IsSpace()

constexpr bool IsSpace ( char  c)
inlineconstexprnoexcept

Tests if the given character is a whitespace character.

The whitespace characters are: space, form-feed ('\f'), newline ('
'), carriage return ('\r'), horizontal tab ('\t'), and vertical tab ('\v').

This function is locale independent. Under the C locale this function gives the same result as std::isspace.

Parameters
[in]ccharacter to test
Returns
true if the argument is a whitespace character; otherwise false

Definition at line 168 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ LocaleIndependentAtoi()

template<typename T >
T LocaleIndependentAtoi ( std::string_view  str)

Definition at line 120 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ ParseByteUnits()

std::optional<uint64_t> ParseByteUnits ( std::string_view  str,
ByteUnit  default_multiplier 
)

Parse a string with suffix unit [k|K|m|M|g|G|t|T].

Must be a whole integer, fractions not allowed (0.5t), no whitespace or +- Lowercase units are 1000 base. Uppercase units are 1024 base. Examples: 2m,27M,19g,41T

Parameters
[in]strthe string to convert into bytes
[in]default_multiplierif no unit is found in str use this unit
Returns
optional uint64_t bytes from str or nullopt if ToIntegral is false, str is empty, trailing whitespace or overflow

Definition at line 503 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseFixedPoint()

bool ParseFixedPoint ( std::string_view  val,
int  decimals,
int64_t *  amount_out 
)

Parse number as fixed point according to JSON number syntax.

Returns
true on success, false on error.
Note
The result must be in the range (-10^18,10^18), otherwise an overflow error will trigger.

Definition at line 354 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseHex()

template<typename Byte = uint8_t>
std::vector<Byte> ParseHex ( std::string_view  hex_str)

Like TryParseHex, but returns an empty vector on invalid input.

Definition at line 65 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ ParseInt32()

bool ParseInt32 ( std::string_view  str,
int32_t *  out 
)

Convert string to signed 32-bit integer with strict parse error feedback.

Returns
true if the entire string could be parsed as valid integer, false if not the entire string could be parsed or when overflow or underflow occurred.

Definition at line 255 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseInt64()

bool ParseInt64 ( std::string_view  str,
int64_t *  out 
)

Convert string to signed 64-bit integer with strict parse error feedback.

Returns
true if the entire string could be parsed as valid integer, false if not the entire string could be parsed or when overflow or underflow occurred.

Definition at line 260 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseUInt16()

bool ParseUInt16 ( std::string_view  str,
uint16_t *  out 
)

Convert decimal string to unsigned 16-bit integer with strict parse error feedback.

Returns
true if the entire string could be parsed as valid integer, false if the entire string could not be parsed or if overflow or underflow occurred.

Definition at line 270 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseUInt32()

bool ParseUInt32 ( std::string_view  str,
uint32_t *  out 
)

Convert decimal string to unsigned 32-bit integer with strict parse error feedback.

Returns
true if the entire string could be parsed as valid integer, false if not the entire string could be parsed or when overflow or underflow occurred.

Definition at line 275 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseUInt64()

bool ParseUInt64 ( std::string_view  str,
uint64_t *  out 
)

Convert decimal string to unsigned 64-bit integer with strict parse error feedback.

Returns
true if the entire string could be parsed as valid integer, false if not the entire string could be parsed or when overflow or underflow occurred.

Definition at line 280 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ParseUInt8()

bool ParseUInt8 ( std::string_view  str,
uint8_t *  out 
)

Convert decimal string to unsigned 8-bit integer with strict parse error feedback.

Returns
true if the entire string could be parsed as valid integer, false if not the entire string could be parsed or when overflow or underflow occurred.

Definition at line 265 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ SanitizeString()

std::string SanitizeString ( std::string_view  str,
int  rule = SAFE_CHARS_DEFAULT 
)

Remove unsafe chars.

Safe chars chosen to allow simple messages/URLs/email addresses, but avoid anything even possibly remotely dangerous like & or >

Parameters
[in]strThe string to sanitize
[in]ruleThe set of safe chars to choose (default: least restrictive)
Returns
A new string without unsafe chars

Definition at line 28 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ SplitHostPort()

bool SplitHostPort ( std::string_view  in,
uint16_t &  portOut,
std::string &  hostOut 
)

Splits socket address string into host string and port value.

Validates port value.

Parameters
[in]inThe socket address string to split.
[out]portOutPort-portion of the input, if found and parsable.
[out]hostOutHost-portion of the input, if found.
Returns
true if port-portion is absent or within its allowed range, otherwise false

Definition at line 103 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ TimingResistantEqual()

template<typename T >
bool TimingResistantEqual ( const T &  a,
const T &  b 
)

Timing-attack-resistant comparison.

Takes time proportional to length of first argument.

Definition at line 253 of file strencodings.h.

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◆ ToIntegral()

template<typename T >
std::optional<T> ToIntegral ( std::string_view  str)

Convert string to integral type T.

Leading whitespace, a leading +, or any trailing character fail the parsing. The required format expressed as regex is -?[0-9]+. The minus sign is only permitted for signed integer types.

Returns
std::nullopt if the entire string could not be parsed, or if the parsed value is not in the range representable by the type T.

Definition at line 181 of file strencodings.h.

◆ ToLower() [1/2]

constexpr char ToLower ( char  c)
constexpr

Converts the given character to its lowercase equivalent.

This function is locale independent. It only converts uppercase characters in the standard 7-bit ASCII range. This is a feature, not a limitation.

Parameters
[in]cthe character to convert to lowercase.
Returns
the lowercase equivalent of c; or the argument if no conversion is possible.

Definition at line 313 of file strencodings.h.

◆ ToLower() [2/2]

std::string ToLower ( std::string_view  str)

Returns the lowercase equivalent of the given string.

This function is locale independent. It only converts uppercase characters in the standard 7-bit ASCII range. This is a feature, not a limitation.

Parameters
[in]strthe string to convert to lowercase.
Returns
lowercased equivalent of str

Definition at line 446 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ ToUpper() [1/2]

constexpr char ToUpper ( char  c)
constexpr

Converts the given character to its uppercase equivalent.

This function is locale independent. It only converts lowercase characters in the standard 7-bit ASCII range. This is a feature, not a limitation.

Parameters
[in]cthe character to convert to uppercase.
Returns
the uppercase equivalent of c; or the argument if no conversion is possible.

Definition at line 339 of file strencodings.h.

◆ ToUpper() [2/2]

std::string ToUpper ( std::string_view  str)

Returns the uppercase equivalent of the given string.

This function is locale independent. It only converts lowercase characters in the standard 7-bit ASCII range. This is a feature, not a limitation.

Parameters
[in]strthe string to convert to uppercase.
Returns
UPPERCASED EQUIVALENT OF str

Definition at line 454 of file strencodings.cpp.

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◆ TryParseHex()

template<typename Byte = std::byte>
std::optional<std::vector<Byte> > TryParseHex ( std::string_view  str)

Parse the hex string into bytes (uint8_t or std::byte).

Ignores whitespace. Returns nullopt on invalid input.

Definition at line 81 of file strencodings.cpp.

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