Bitcoin Core 29.99.0
P2P Digital Currency
rawtransaction_util.cpp
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1// Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2// Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
3// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5
7
8#include <coins.h>
9#include <consensus/amount.h>
10#include <core_io.h>
11#include <key_io.h>
12#include <policy/policy.h>
14#include <rpc/request.h>
15#include <rpc/util.h>
16#include <script/sign.h>
18#include <tinyformat.h>
19#include <univalue.h>
20#include <util/rbf.h>
21#include <util/string.h>
22#include <util/strencodings.h>
23#include <util/translation.h>
24
25void AddInputs(CMutableTransaction& rawTx, const UniValue& inputs_in, std::optional<bool> rbf)
26{
27 UniValue inputs;
28 if (inputs_in.isNull()) {
29 inputs = UniValue::VARR;
30 } else {
31 inputs = inputs_in.get_array();
32 }
33
34 for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < inputs.size(); idx++) {
35 const UniValue& input = inputs[idx];
36 const UniValue& o = input.get_obj();
37
38 Txid txid = Txid::FromUint256(ParseHashO(o, "txid"));
39
40 const UniValue& vout_v = o.find_value("vout");
41 if (!vout_v.isNum())
42 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, missing vout key");
43 int nOutput = vout_v.getInt<int>();
44 if (nOutput < 0)
45 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, vout cannot be negative");
46
47 uint32_t nSequence;
48
49 if (rbf.value_or(true)) {
50 nSequence = MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE; /* CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL - 2 */
51 } else if (rawTx.nLockTime) {
52 nSequence = CTxIn::MAX_SEQUENCE_NONFINAL; /* CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL - 1 */
53 } else {
54 nSequence = CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL;
55 }
56
57 // set the sequence number if passed in the parameters object
58 const UniValue& sequenceObj = o.find_value("sequence");
59 if (sequenceObj.isNum()) {
60 int64_t seqNr64 = sequenceObj.getInt<int64_t>();
61 if (seqNr64 < 0 || seqNr64 > CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL) {
62 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, sequence number is out of range");
63 } else {
64 nSequence = (uint32_t)seqNr64;
65 }
66 }
67
68 CTxIn in(COutPoint(txid, nOutput), CScript(), nSequence);
69
70 rawTx.vin.push_back(in);
71 }
72}
73
75{
76 if (outputs_in.isNull()) {
77 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, output argument must be non-null");
78 }
79
80 const bool outputs_is_obj = outputs_in.isObject();
81 UniValue outputs = outputs_is_obj ? outputs_in.get_obj() : outputs_in.get_array();
82
83 if (!outputs_is_obj) {
84 // Translate array of key-value pairs into dict
85 UniValue outputs_dict = UniValue(UniValue::VOBJ);
86 for (size_t i = 0; i < outputs.size(); ++i) {
87 const UniValue& output = outputs[i];
88 if (!output.isObject()) {
89 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, key-value pair not an object as expected");
90 }
91 if (output.size() != 1) {
92 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, key-value pair must contain exactly one key");
93 }
94 outputs_dict.pushKVs(output);
95 }
96 outputs = std::move(outputs_dict);
97 }
98 return outputs;
99}
100
101std::vector<std::pair<CTxDestination, CAmount>> ParseOutputs(const UniValue& outputs)
102{
103 // Duplicate checking
104 std::set<CTxDestination> destinations;
105 std::vector<std::pair<CTxDestination, CAmount>> parsed_outputs;
106 bool has_data{false};
107 for (const std::string& name_ : outputs.getKeys()) {
108 if (name_ == "data") {
109 if (has_data) {
110 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, duplicate key: data");
111 }
112 has_data = true;
113 std::vector<unsigned char> data = ParseHexV(outputs[name_].getValStr(), "Data");
114 CTxDestination destination{CNoDestination{CScript() << OP_RETURN << data}};
115 CAmount amount{0};
116 parsed_outputs.emplace_back(destination, amount);
117 } else {
118 CTxDestination destination{DecodeDestination(name_)};
119 CAmount amount{AmountFromValue(outputs[name_])};
120 if (!IsValidDestination(destination)) {
121 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, std::string("Invalid Bitcoin address: ") + name_);
122 }
123
124 if (!destinations.insert(destination).second) {
125 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, std::string("Invalid parameter, duplicated address: ") + name_);
126 }
127 parsed_outputs.emplace_back(destination, amount);
128 }
129 }
130 return parsed_outputs;
131}
132
133void AddOutputs(CMutableTransaction& rawTx, const UniValue& outputs_in)
134{
135 UniValue outputs(UniValue::VOBJ);
136 outputs = NormalizeOutputs(outputs_in);
137
138 std::vector<std::pair<CTxDestination, CAmount>> parsed_outputs = ParseOutputs(outputs);
139 for (const auto& [destination, nAmount] : parsed_outputs) {
140 CScript scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(destination);
141
142 CTxOut out(nAmount, scriptPubKey);
143 rawTx.vout.push_back(out);
144 }
145}
146
147CMutableTransaction ConstructTransaction(const UniValue& inputs_in, const UniValue& outputs_in, const UniValue& locktime, std::optional<bool> rbf, const uint32_t version)
148{
150
151 if (!locktime.isNull()) {
152 int64_t nLockTime = locktime.getInt<int64_t>();
153 if (nLockTime < 0 || nLockTime > LOCKTIME_MAX)
154 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, locktime out of range");
155 rawTx.nLockTime = nLockTime;
156 }
157
158 if (version < TX_MIN_STANDARD_VERSION || version > TX_MAX_STANDARD_VERSION) {
159 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, strprintf("Invalid parameter, version out of range(%d~%d)", TX_MIN_STANDARD_VERSION, TX_MAX_STANDARD_VERSION));
160 }
161 rawTx.version = version;
162
163 AddInputs(rawTx, inputs_in, rbf);
164 AddOutputs(rawTx, outputs_in);
165
166 if (rbf.has_value() && rbf.value() && rawTx.vin.size() > 0 && !SignalsOptInRBF(CTransaction(rawTx))) {
167 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter combination: Sequence number(s) contradict replaceable option");
168 }
169
170 return rawTx;
171}
172
174static void TxInErrorToJSON(const CTxIn& txin, UniValue& vErrorsRet, const std::string& strMessage)
175{
177 entry.pushKV("txid", txin.prevout.hash.ToString());
178 entry.pushKV("vout", (uint64_t)txin.prevout.n);
179 UniValue witness(UniValue::VARR);
180 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < txin.scriptWitness.stack.size(); i++) {
181 witness.push_back(HexStr(txin.scriptWitness.stack[i]));
182 }
183 entry.pushKV("witness", std::move(witness));
184 entry.pushKV("scriptSig", HexStr(txin.scriptSig));
185 entry.pushKV("sequence", (uint64_t)txin.nSequence);
186 entry.pushKV("error", strMessage);
187 vErrorsRet.push_back(std::move(entry));
188}
189
190void ParsePrevouts(const UniValue& prevTxsUnival, FlatSigningProvider* keystore, std::map<COutPoint, Coin>& coins)
191{
192 if (!prevTxsUnival.isNull()) {
193 const UniValue& prevTxs = prevTxsUnival.get_array();
194 for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < prevTxs.size(); ++idx) {
195 const UniValue& p = prevTxs[idx];
196 if (!p.isObject()) {
197 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "expected object with {\"txid'\",\"vout\",\"scriptPubKey\"}");
198 }
199
200 const UniValue& prevOut = p.get_obj();
201
202 RPCTypeCheckObj(prevOut,
203 {
204 {"txid", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
205 {"vout", UniValueType(UniValue::VNUM)},
206 {"scriptPubKey", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
207 });
208
209 Txid txid = Txid::FromUint256(ParseHashO(prevOut, "txid"));
210
211 int nOut = prevOut.find_value("vout").getInt<int>();
212 if (nOut < 0) {
213 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "vout cannot be negative");
214 }
215
216 COutPoint out(txid, nOut);
217 std::vector<unsigned char> pkData(ParseHexO(prevOut, "scriptPubKey"));
218 CScript scriptPubKey(pkData.begin(), pkData.end());
219
220 {
221 auto coin = coins.find(out);
222 if (coin != coins.end() && !coin->second.IsSpent() && coin->second.out.scriptPubKey != scriptPubKey) {
223 std::string err("Previous output scriptPubKey mismatch:\n");
224 err = err + ScriptToAsmStr(coin->second.out.scriptPubKey) + "\nvs:\n"+
225 ScriptToAsmStr(scriptPubKey);
227 }
228 Coin newcoin;
229 newcoin.out.scriptPubKey = scriptPubKey;
230 newcoin.out.nValue = MAX_MONEY;
231 if (prevOut.exists("amount")) {
232 newcoin.out.nValue = AmountFromValue(prevOut.find_value("amount"));
233 }
234 newcoin.nHeight = 1;
235 coins[out] = std::move(newcoin);
236 }
237
238 // if redeemScript and private keys were given, add redeemScript to the keystore so it can be signed
239 const bool is_p2sh = scriptPubKey.IsPayToScriptHash();
240 const bool is_p2wsh = scriptPubKey.IsPayToWitnessScriptHash();
241 if (keystore && (is_p2sh || is_p2wsh)) {
242 RPCTypeCheckObj(prevOut,
243 {
244 {"redeemScript", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
245 {"witnessScript", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
246 }, true);
247 const UniValue& rs{prevOut.find_value("redeemScript")};
248 const UniValue& ws{prevOut.find_value("witnessScript")};
249 if (rs.isNull() && ws.isNull()) {
250 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Missing redeemScript/witnessScript");
251 }
252
253 // work from witnessScript when possible
254 std::vector<unsigned char> scriptData(!ws.isNull() ? ParseHexV(ws, "witnessScript") : ParseHexV(rs, "redeemScript"));
255 CScript script(scriptData.begin(), scriptData.end());
256 keystore->scripts.emplace(CScriptID(script), script);
257 // Automatically also add the P2WSH wrapped version of the script (to deal with P2SH-P2WSH).
258 // This is done for redeemScript only for compatibility, it is encouraged to use the explicit witnessScript field instead.
260 keystore->scripts.emplace(CScriptID(witness_output_script), witness_output_script);
261
262 if (!ws.isNull() && !rs.isNull()) {
263 // if both witnessScript and redeemScript are provided,
264 // they should either be the same (for backwards compat),
265 // or the redeemScript should be the encoded form of
266 // the witnessScript (ie, for p2sh-p2wsh)
267 if (ws.get_str() != rs.get_str()) {
268 std::vector<unsigned char> redeemScriptData(ParseHexV(rs, "redeemScript"));
269 CScript redeemScript(redeemScriptData.begin(), redeemScriptData.end());
270 if (redeemScript != witness_output_script) {
271 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "redeemScript does not correspond to witnessScript");
272 }
273 }
274 }
275
276 if (is_p2sh) {
277 const CTxDestination p2sh{ScriptHash(script)};
278 const CTxDestination p2sh_p2wsh{ScriptHash(witness_output_script)};
279 if (scriptPubKey == GetScriptForDestination(p2sh)) {
280 // traditional p2sh; arguably an error if
281 // we got here with rs.IsNull(), because
282 // that means the p2sh script was specified
283 // via witnessScript param, but for now
284 // we'll just quietly accept it
285 } else if (scriptPubKey == GetScriptForDestination(p2sh_p2wsh)) {
286 // p2wsh encoded as p2sh; ideally the witness
287 // script was specified in the witnessScript
288 // param, but also support specifying it via
289 // redeemScript param for backwards compat
290 // (in which case ws.IsNull() == true)
291 } else {
292 // otherwise, can't generate scriptPubKey from
293 // either script, so we got unusable parameters
294 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "redeemScript/witnessScript does not match scriptPubKey");
295 }
296 } else if (is_p2wsh) {
297 // plain p2wsh; could throw an error if script
298 // was specified by redeemScript rather than
299 // witnessScript (ie, ws.IsNull() == true), but
300 // accept it for backwards compat
302 if (scriptPubKey != GetScriptForDestination(p2wsh)) {
303 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "redeemScript/witnessScript does not match scriptPubKey");
304 }
305 }
306 }
307 }
308 }
309}
310
311void SignTransaction(CMutableTransaction& mtx, const SigningProvider* keystore, const std::map<COutPoint, Coin>& coins, const UniValue& hashType, UniValue& result)
312{
313 std::optional<int> nHashType = ParseSighashString(hashType);
314 if (!nHashType) {
315 nHashType = SIGHASH_DEFAULT;
316 }
317
318 // Script verification errors
319 std::map<int, bilingual_str> input_errors;
320
321 bool complete = SignTransaction(mtx, keystore, coins, *nHashType, input_errors);
322 SignTransactionResultToJSON(mtx, complete, coins, input_errors, result);
323}
324
325void SignTransactionResultToJSON(CMutableTransaction& mtx, bool complete, const std::map<COutPoint, Coin>& coins, const std::map<int, bilingual_str>& input_errors, UniValue& result)
326{
327 // Make errors UniValue
328 UniValue vErrors(UniValue::VARR);
329 for (const auto& err_pair : input_errors) {
330 if (err_pair.second.original == "Missing amount") {
331 // This particular error needs to be an exception for some reason
332 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_TYPE_ERROR, strprintf("Missing amount for %s", coins.at(mtx.vin.at(err_pair.first).prevout).out.ToString()));
333 }
334 TxInErrorToJSON(mtx.vin.at(err_pair.first), vErrors, err_pair.second.original);
335 }
336
337 result.pushKV("hex", EncodeHexTx(CTransaction(mtx)));
338 result.pushKV("complete", complete);
339 if (!vErrors.empty()) {
340 if (result.exists("errors")) {
341 vErrors.push_backV(result["errors"].getValues());
342 }
343 result.pushKV("errors", std::move(vErrors));
344 }
345}
bool IsValidDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Check whether a CTxDestination corresponds to one with an address.
CScript GetScriptForDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Generate a Bitcoin scriptPubKey for the given CTxDestination.
std::variant< CNoDestination, PubKeyDestination, PKHash, ScriptHash, WitnessV0ScriptHash, WitnessV0KeyHash, WitnessV1Taproot, PayToAnchor, WitnessUnknown > CTxDestination
A txout script categorized into standard templates.
Definition: addresstype.h:143
static constexpr CAmount MAX_MONEY
No amount larger than this (in satoshi) is valid.
Definition: amount.h:26
int64_t CAmount
Amount in satoshis (Can be negative)
Definition: amount.h:12
static CAmount AmountFromValue(const UniValue &value)
Definition: bitcoin-tx.cpp:554
An outpoint - a combination of a transaction hash and an index n into its vout.
Definition: transaction.h:29
uint32_t n
Definition: transaction.h:32
Txid hash
Definition: transaction.h:31
Serialized script, used inside transaction inputs and outputs.
Definition: script.h:413
bool IsPayToScriptHash() const
Definition: script.cpp:224
bool IsPayToWitnessScriptHash() const
Definition: script.cpp:233
A reference to a CScript: the Hash160 of its serialization.
Definition: script.h:602
The basic transaction that is broadcasted on the network and contained in blocks.
Definition: transaction.h:296
An input of a transaction.
Definition: transaction.h:67
static const uint32_t MAX_SEQUENCE_NONFINAL
This is the maximum sequence number that enables both nLockTime and OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY (BIP 65).
Definition: transaction.h:87
uint32_t nSequence
Definition: transaction.h:71
static const uint32_t SEQUENCE_FINAL
Setting nSequence to this value for every input in a transaction disables nLockTime/IsFinalTx().
Definition: transaction.h:81
CScript scriptSig
Definition: transaction.h:70
CScriptWitness scriptWitness
Only serialized through CTransaction.
Definition: transaction.h:72
COutPoint prevout
Definition: transaction.h:69
An output of a transaction.
Definition: transaction.h:150
CScript scriptPubKey
Definition: transaction.h:153
CAmount nValue
Definition: transaction.h:152
A UTXO entry.
Definition: coins.h:33
CTxOut out
unspent transaction output
Definition: coins.h:36
uint32_t nHeight
at which height this containing transaction was included in the active block chain
Definition: coins.h:42
An interface to be implemented by keystores that support signing.
void push_back(UniValue val)
Definition: univalue.cpp:104
const UniValue & find_value(std::string_view key) const
Definition: univalue.cpp:233
@ VOBJ
Definition: univalue.h:24
@ VSTR
Definition: univalue.h:24
@ VARR
Definition: univalue.h:24
@ VNUM
Definition: univalue.h:24
bool isNull() const
Definition: univalue.h:81
const UniValue & get_obj() const
size_t size() const
Definition: univalue.h:71
void pushKVs(UniValue obj)
Definition: univalue.cpp:137
const std::vector< std::string > & getKeys() const
bool empty() const
Definition: univalue.h:69
Int getInt() const
Definition: univalue.h:140
const UniValue & get_array() const
bool exists(const std::string &key) const
Definition: univalue.h:79
bool isNum() const
Definition: univalue.h:86
void pushKV(std::string key, UniValue val)
Definition: univalue.cpp:126
void push_backV(const std::vector< UniValue > &vec)
Definition: univalue.cpp:111
bool isObject() const
Definition: univalue.h:88
std::string ToString() const
static transaction_identifier FromUint256(const uint256 &id)
std::string EncodeHexTx(const CTransaction &tx)
Definition: core_write.cpp:143
std::string ScriptToAsmStr(const CScript &script, const bool fAttemptSighashDecode=false)
Create the assembly string representation of a CScript object.
Definition: core_write.cpp:98
std::string HexStr(const std::span< const uint8_t > s)
Convert a span of bytes to a lower-case hexadecimal string.
Definition: hex_base.cpp:29
@ SIGHASH_DEFAULT
Taproot only; implied when sighash byte is missing, and equivalent to SIGHASH_ALL.
Definition: interpreter.h:35
CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string &str, std::string &error_msg, std::vector< int > *error_locations)
Definition: key_io.cpp:299
static constexpr decltype(CTransaction::version) TX_MIN_STANDARD_VERSION
Definition: policy.h:148
static constexpr decltype(CTransaction::version) TX_MAX_STANDARD_VERSION
Definition: policy.h:149
void SignTransactionResultToJSON(CMutableTransaction &mtx, bool complete, const std::map< COutPoint, Coin > &coins, const std::map< int, bilingual_str > &input_errors, UniValue &result)
void SignTransaction(CMutableTransaction &mtx, const SigningProvider *keystore, const std::map< COutPoint, Coin > &coins, const UniValue &hashType, UniValue &result)
Sign a transaction with the given keystore and previous transactions.
void AddInputs(CMutableTransaction &rawTx, const UniValue &inputs_in, std::optional< bool > rbf)
void AddOutputs(CMutableTransaction &rawTx, const UniValue &outputs_in)
Normalize, parse, and add outputs to the transaction.
CMutableTransaction ConstructTransaction(const UniValue &inputs_in, const UniValue &outputs_in, const UniValue &locktime, std::optional< bool > rbf, const uint32_t version)
Create a transaction from univalue parameters.
static void TxInErrorToJSON(const CTxIn &txin, UniValue &vErrorsRet, const std::string &strMessage)
Pushes a JSON object for script verification or signing errors to vErrorsRet.
std::vector< std::pair< CTxDestination, CAmount > > ParseOutputs(const UniValue &outputs)
Parse normalized outputs into destination, amount tuples.
UniValue NormalizeOutputs(const UniValue &outputs_in)
Normalize univalue-represented outputs.
void ParsePrevouts(const UniValue &prevTxsUnival, FlatSigningProvider *keystore, std::map< COutPoint, Coin > &coins)
Parse a prevtxs UniValue array and get the map of coins from it.
UniValue JSONRPCError(int code, const std::string &message)
Definition: request.cpp:70
@ RPC_TYPE_ERROR
Unexpected type was passed as parameter.
Definition: protocol.h:41
@ RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER
Invalid, missing or duplicate parameter.
Definition: protocol.h:44
@ RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR
Error parsing or validating structure in raw format.
Definition: protocol.h:46
@ RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY
Invalid address or key.
Definition: protocol.h:42
std::vector< unsigned char > ParseHexV(const UniValue &v, std::string_view name)
Definition: util.cpp:133
std::vector< unsigned char > ParseHexO(const UniValue &o, std::string_view strKey)
Definition: util.cpp:142
std::optional< int > ParseSighashString(const UniValue &sighash)
Returns a sighash value corresponding to the passed in argument.
Definition: util.cpp:360
uint256 ParseHashO(const UniValue &o, std::string_view strKey)
Definition: util.cpp:129
void RPCTypeCheckObj(const UniValue &o, const std::map< std::string, UniValueType > &typesExpected, bool fAllowNull, bool fStrict)
Definition: util.cpp:59
@ OP_RETURN
Definition: script.h:111
static const uint32_t LOCKTIME_MAX
Definition: script.h:53
A mutable version of CTransaction.
Definition: transaction.h:378
std::vector< CTxOut > vout
Definition: transaction.h:380
std::vector< CTxIn > vin
Definition: transaction.h:379
std::vector< std::vector< unsigned char > > stack
Definition: script.h:588
std::map< CScriptID, CScript > scripts
Wrapper for UniValue::VType, which includes typeAny: Used to denote don't care type.
Definition: util.h:83
#define strprintf
Format arguments and return the string or write to given std::ostream (see tinyformat::format doc for...
Definition: tinyformat.h:1172
bool SignalsOptInRBF(const CTransaction &tx)
Check whether the sequence numbers on this transaction are signaling opt-in to replace-by-fee,...
Definition: rbf.cpp:9
static constexpr uint32_t MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE
Definition: rbf.h:12