Bitcoin Core 28.99.0
P2P Digital Currency
Classes | Functions | Variables
validation.cpp File Reference
#include <bitcoin-build-config.h>
#include <validation.h>
#include <arith_uint256.h>
#include <chain.h>
#include <checkqueue.h>
#include <clientversion.h>
#include <consensus/amount.h>
#include <consensus/consensus.h>
#include <consensus/merkle.h>
#include <consensus/tx_check.h>
#include <consensus/tx_verify.h>
#include <consensus/validation.h>
#include <cuckoocache.h>
#include <flatfile.h>
#include <hash.h>
#include <kernel/chain.h>
#include <kernel/chainparams.h>
#include <kernel/coinstats.h>
#include <kernel/disconnected_transactions.h>
#include <kernel/mempool_entry.h>
#include <kernel/messagestartchars.h>
#include <kernel/notifications_interface.h>
#include <kernel/warning.h>
#include <logging.h>
#include <logging/timer.h>
#include <node/blockstorage.h>
#include <node/utxo_snapshot.h>
#include <policy/ephemeral_policy.h>
#include <policy/policy.h>
#include <policy/rbf.h>
#include <policy/settings.h>
#include <policy/truc_policy.h>
#include <pow.h>
#include <primitives/block.h>
#include <primitives/transaction.h>
#include <random.h>
#include <script/script.h>
#include <script/sigcache.h>
#include <signet.h>
#include <tinyformat.h>
#include <txdb.h>
#include <txmempool.h>
#include <uint256.h>
#include <undo.h>
#include <util/check.h>
#include <util/fs.h>
#include <util/fs_helpers.h>
#include <util/hasher.h>
#include <util/moneystr.h>
#include <util/rbf.h>
#include <util/result.h>
#include <util/signalinterrupt.h>
#include <util/strencodings.h>
#include <util/string.h>
#include <util/time.h>
#include <util/trace.h>
#include <util/translation.h>
#include <validationinterface.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <chrono>
#include <deque>
#include <numeric>
#include <optional>
#include <ranges>
#include <span>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>

Go to the source code of this file.

Classes

class  WarningBitsConditionChecker
 Threshold condition checker that triggers when unknown versionbits are seen on the network. More...
 
struct  PerBlockConnectTrace
 
class  ConnectTrace
 Used to track blocks whose transactions were applied to the UTXO state as a part of a single ActivateBestChainStep call. More...
 
struct  StopHashingException
 

Functions

 TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE (validation, block_connected)
 
 TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE (utxocache, flush)
 
 TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE (mempool, replaced)
 
 TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE (mempool, rejected)
 
bool CheckInputScripts (const CTransaction &tx, TxValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &inputs, unsigned int flags, bool cacheSigStore, bool cacheFullScriptStore, PrecomputedTransactionData &txdata, ValidationCache &validation_cache, std::vector< CScriptCheck > *pvChecks)
 Check whether all of this transaction's input scripts succeed. More...
 
bool CheckFinalTxAtTip (const CBlockIndex &active_chain_tip, const CTransaction &tx)
 
std::optional< LockPointsCalculateLockPointsAtTip (CBlockIndex *tip, const CCoinsView &coins_view, const CTransaction &tx)
 
bool CheckSequenceLocksAtTip (CBlockIndex *tip, const LockPoints &lock_points)
 Check if transaction will be BIP68 final in the next block to be created on top of tip. More...
 
static unsigned int GetBlockScriptFlags (const CBlockIndex &block_index, const ChainstateManager &chainman)
 
static void LimitMempoolSize (CTxMemPool &pool, CCoinsViewCache &coins_cache) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(
 
static bool IsCurrentForFeeEstimation (Chainstate &active_chainstate) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
 
static bool CheckInputsFromMempoolAndCache (const CTransaction &tx, TxValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &view, const CTxMemPool &pool, unsigned int flags, PrecomputedTransactionData &txdata, CCoinsViewCache &coins_tip, ValidationCache &validation_cache) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main
 Checks to avoid mempool polluting consensus critical paths since cached signature and script validity results will be reused if we validate this transaction again during block validation. More...
 
 AssertLockHeld (pool.cs)
 
 assert (!tx.IsCoinBase())
 
 for (const CTxIn &txin :tx.vin)
 
return CheckInputScripts (tx, state, view, flags, true, true, txdata, validation_cache)
 
MempoolAcceptResult AcceptToMemoryPool (Chainstate &active_chainstate, const CTransactionRef &tx, int64_t accept_time, bool bypass_limits, bool test_accept)
 Try to add a transaction to the mempool. More...
 
PackageMempoolAcceptResult ProcessNewPackage (Chainstate &active_chainstate, CTxMemPool &pool, const Package &package, bool test_accept, const std::optional< CFeeRate > &client_maxfeerate)
 Validate (and maybe submit) a package to the mempool. More...
 
CAmount GetBlockSubsidy (int nHeight, const Consensus::Params &consensusParams)
 
void UpdateCoins (const CTransaction &tx, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, CTxUndo &txundo, int nHeight)
 
bool FatalError (Notifications &notifications, BlockValidationState &state, const bilingual_str &message)
 
int ApplyTxInUndo (Coin &&undo, CCoinsViewCache &view, const COutPoint &out)
 Restore the UTXO in a Coin at a given COutPoint. More...
 
static void UpdateTipLog (const ChainstateManager &chainman, const CCoinsViewCache &coins_tip, const CBlockIndex *tip, const std::string &func_name, const std::string &prefix, const std::string &warning_messages) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(
 
static SynchronizationState GetSynchronizationState (bool init, bool blockfiles_indexed)
 
static void LimitValidationInterfaceQueue (ValidationSignals &signals) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main)
 
static bool CheckBlockHeader (const CBlockHeader &block, BlockValidationState &state, const Consensus::Params &consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW=true)
 
static bool CheckMerkleRoot (const CBlock &block, BlockValidationState &state)
 
static bool CheckWitnessMalleation (const CBlock &block, bool expect_witness_commitment, BlockValidationState &state)
 CheckWitnessMalleation performs checks for block malleation with regard to its witnesses. More...
 
bool CheckBlock (const CBlock &block, BlockValidationState &state, const Consensus::Params &consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot)
 Functions for validating blocks and updating the block tree. More...
 
bool HasValidProofOfWork (const std::vector< CBlockHeader > &headers, const Consensus::Params &consensusParams)
 Check with the proof of work on each blockheader matches the value in nBits. More...
 
bool IsBlockMutated (const CBlock &block, bool check_witness_root)
 Check if a block has been mutated (with respect to its merkle root and witness commitments). More...
 
arith_uint256 CalculateClaimedHeadersWork (std::span< const CBlockHeader > headers)
 Return the sum of the claimed work on a given set of headers. More...
 
static bool ContextualCheckBlockHeader (const CBlockHeader &block, BlockValidationState &state, BlockManager &blockman, const ChainstateManager &chainman, const CBlockIndex *pindexPrev) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(
 Context-dependent validity checks. More...
 
static bool ContextualCheckBlock (const CBlock &block, BlockValidationState &state, const ChainstateManager &chainman, const CBlockIndex *pindexPrev)
 NOTE: This function is not currently invoked by ConnectBlock(), so we should consider upgrade issues if we change which consensus rules are enforced in this function (eg by adding a new consensus rule). More...
 
bool TestBlockValidity (BlockValidationState &state, const CChainParams &chainparams, Chainstate &chainstate, const CBlock &block, CBlockIndex *pindexPrev, bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot)
 Check a block is completely valid from start to finish (only works on top of our current best block) More...
 
void PruneBlockFilesManual (Chainstate &active_chainstate, int nManualPruneHeight)
 Prune block files up to a given height. More...
 
static bool DeleteCoinsDBFromDisk (const fs::path db_path, bool is_snapshot) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(
 
static void FlushSnapshotToDisk (CCoinsViewCache &coins_cache, bool snapshot_loaded)
 
static void SnapshotUTXOHashBreakpoint (const util::SignalInterrupt &interrupt)
 
static ChainstateManager::Options && Flatten (ChainstateManager::Options &&opts)
 Apply default chain params to nullopt members. More...
 
bool IsBIP30Repeat (const CBlockIndex &block_index)
 Identifies blocks that overwrote an existing coinbase output in the UTXO set (see BIP30) More...
 
bool IsBIP30Unspendable (const CBlockIndex &block_index)
 Identifies blocks which coinbase output was subsequently overwritten in the UTXO set (see BIP30) More...
 
static fs::path GetSnapshotCoinsDBPath (Chainstate &cs) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(
 

Variables

static constexpr std::chrono::hours DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL {1}
 Time to wait between writing blocks/block index to disk. More...
 
static constexpr std::chrono::hours DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL {24}
 Time to wait between flushing chainstate to disk. More...
 
static constexpr std::chrono::hours MAX_FEE_ESTIMATION_TIP_AGE {3}
 Maximum age of our tip for us to be considered current for fee estimation. More...
 
const std::vector< std::string > CHECKLEVEL_DOC
 Documentation for argument 'checklevel'. More...
 
static constexpr int PRUNE_LOCK_BUFFER {10}
 The number of blocks to keep below the deepest prune lock. More...
 
static bool pool cs
 

Function Documentation

◆ AcceptToMemoryPool()

MempoolAcceptResult AcceptToMemoryPool ( Chainstate active_chainstate,
const CTransactionRef tx,
int64_t  accept_time,
bool  bypass_limits,
bool  test_accept 
)

Try to add a transaction to the mempool.

This is an internal function and is exposed only for testing. Client code should use ChainstateManager::ProcessTransaction()

Parameters
[in]active_chainstateReference to the active chainstate.
[in]txThe transaction to submit for mempool acceptance.
[in]accept_timeThe timestamp for adding the transaction to the mempool. It is also used to determine when the entry expires.
[in]bypass_limitsWhen true, don't enforce mempool fee and capacity limits, and set entry_sequence to zero.
[in]test_acceptWhen true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
Returns
a MempoolAcceptResult indicating whether the transaction was accepted/rejected with reason.

Definition at line 1876 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ ApplyTxInUndo()

int ApplyTxInUndo ( Coin &&  undo,
CCoinsViewCache view,
const COutPoint out 
)

Restore the UTXO in a Coin at a given COutPoint.

Parameters
undoThe Coin to be restored.
viewThe coins view to which to apply the changes.
outThe out point that corresponds to the tx input.
Returns
A DisconnectResult as an int

Definition at line 2266 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ assert()

assert ( !tx.  IsCoinBase())

◆ AssertLockHeld()

AssertLockHeld ( pool.  cs)

◆ CalculateClaimedHeadersWork()

arith_uint256 CalculateClaimedHeadersWork ( std::span< const CBlockHeader headers)

Return the sum of the claimed work on a given set of headers.

No verification of PoW is done.

Definition at line 4180 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CalculateLockPointsAtTip()

std::optional< LockPoints > CalculateLockPointsAtTip ( CBlockIndex tip,
const CCoinsView coins_view,
const CTransaction tx 
)

Definition at line 198 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckBlock()

bool CheckBlock ( const CBlock block,
BlockValidationState state,
const Consensus::Params consensusParams,
bool  fCheckPOW = true,
bool  fCheckMerkleRoot = true 
)

Functions for validating blocks and updating the block tree.

Context-independent validity checks

Definition at line 4039 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckBlockHeader()

static bool CheckBlockHeader ( const CBlockHeader block,
BlockValidationState state,
const Consensus::Params consensusParams,
bool  fCheckPOW = true 
)
static

Definition at line 3949 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckFinalTxAtTip()

bool CheckFinalTxAtTip ( const CBlockIndex active_chain_tip,
const CTransaction tx 
)

Definition at line 144 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckInputScripts() [1/2]

bool CheckInputScripts ( const CTransaction tx,
TxValidationState state,
const CCoinsViewCache inputs,
unsigned int  flags,
bool  cacheSigStore,
bool  cacheFullScriptStore,
PrecomputedTransactionData txdata,
ValidationCache validation_cache,
std::vector< CScriptCheck > *  pvChecks 
)

Check whether all of this transaction's input scripts succeed.

This involves ECDSA signature checks so can be computationally intensive. This function should only be called after the cheap sanity checks in CheckTxInputs passed.

If pvChecks is not nullptr, script checks are pushed onto it instead of being performed inline. Any script checks which are not necessary (eg due to script execution cache hits) are, obviously, not pushed onto pvChecks/run.

Setting cacheSigStore/cacheFullScriptStore to false will remove elements from the corresponding cache which are matched. This is useful for checking blocks where we will likely never need the cache entry again.

Note that we may set state.reason to NOT_STANDARD for extra soft-fork flags in flags, block-checking callers should probably reset it to CONSENSUS in such cases.

Non-static (and redeclared) in src/test/txvalidationcache_tests.cpp

Definition at line 2161 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckInputScripts() [2/2]

return CheckInputScripts ( tx  ,
state  ,
view  ,
flags  ,
true  ,
true  ,
txdata  ,
validation_cache   
)

◆ CheckInputsFromMempoolAndCache()

static bool CheckInputsFromMempoolAndCache ( const CTransaction tx,
TxValidationState state,
const CCoinsViewCache view,
const CTxMemPool pool,
unsigned int  flags,
PrecomputedTransactionData txdata,
CCoinsViewCache coins_tip,
ValidationCache validation_cache 
)
static

Checks to avoid mempool polluting consensus critical paths since cached signature and script validity results will be reused if we validate this transaction again during block validation.

◆ CheckMerkleRoot()

static bool CheckMerkleRoot ( const CBlock block,
BlockValidationState state 
)
static

Definition at line 3958 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckSequenceLocksAtTip()

bool CheckSequenceLocksAtTip ( CBlockIndex tip,
const LockPoints lock_points 
)

Check if transaction will be BIP68 final in the next block to be created on top of tip.

Parameters
[in]tipChain tip to check tx sequence locks against. For example, the tip of the current active chain.
[in]lock_pointsLockPoints containing the height and time at which this transaction is final. Simulates calling SequenceLocks() with data from the tip passed in. The LockPoints should not be considered valid if CheckSequenceLocksAtTip returns false.

Definition at line 243 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ CheckWitnessMalleation()

static bool CheckWitnessMalleation ( const CBlock block,
bool  expect_witness_commitment,
BlockValidationState state 
)
static

CheckWitnessMalleation performs checks for block malleation with regard to its witnesses.

Note: If the witness commitment is expected (i.e. expect_witness_commitment = true), then the block is required to have at least one transaction and the first transaction needs to have at least one input.

Definition at line 3991 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ ContextualCheckBlock()

static bool ContextualCheckBlock ( const CBlock block,
BlockValidationState state,
const ChainstateManager chainman,
const CBlockIndex pindexPrev 
)
static

NOTE: This function is not currently invoked by ConnectBlock(), so we should consider upgrade issues if we change which consensus rules are enforced in this function (eg by adding a new consensus rule).

See comment in ConnectBlock(). Note that -reindex-chainstate skips the validation that happens here!

Definition at line 4260 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ ContextualCheckBlockHeader()

static bool ContextualCheckBlockHeader ( const CBlockHeader block,
BlockValidationState state,
BlockManager blockman,
const ChainstateManager chainman,
const CBlockIndex pindexPrev 
)
static

Context-dependent validity checks.

By "context", we mean only the previous block headers, but not the UTXO set; UTXO-related validity checks are done in ConnectBlock(). NOTE: This function is not currently invoked by ConnectBlock(), so we should consider upgrade issues if we change which consensus rules are enforced in this function (eg by adding a new consensus rule). See comment in ConnectBlock(). Note that -reindex-chainstate skips the validation that happens here!

Definition at line 4199 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ DeleteCoinsDBFromDisk()

static bool DeleteCoinsDBFromDisk ( const fs::path  db_path,
bool  is_snapshot 
)
static

Definition at line 5671 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ FatalError()

bool FatalError ( Notifications notifications,
BlockValidationState state,
const bilingual_str message 
)

Definition at line 2253 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ Flatten()

static ChainstateManager::Options && Flatten ( ChainstateManager::Options &&  opts)
static

Apply default chain params to nullopt members.

This helps to avoid coding errors around the accidental use of the compare operators that accept nullopt, thus ignoring the intended default value.

Definition at line 6296 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ FlushSnapshotToDisk()

static void FlushSnapshotToDisk ( CCoinsViewCache coins_cache,
bool  snapshot_loaded 
)
static

Definition at line 5863 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ for()

for ( const CTxIn &txin :tx.  vin)

Definition at line 405 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ GetBlockScriptFlags()

static unsigned int GetBlockScriptFlags ( const CBlockIndex block_index,
const ChainstateManager chainman 
)
static

Definition at line 2393 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ GetBlockSubsidy()

CAmount GetBlockSubsidy ( int  nHeight,
const Consensus::Params consensusParams 
)

Definition at line 1938 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ GetSnapshotCoinsDBPath()

static fs::path GetSnapshotCoinsDBPath ( Chainstate cs)
static

Definition at line 6366 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ GetSynchronizationState()

static SynchronizationState GetSynchronizationState ( bool  init,
bool  blockfiles_indexed 
)
static

Definition at line 3432 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ HasValidProofOfWork()

bool HasValidProofOfWork ( const std::vector< CBlockHeader > &  headers,
const Consensus::Params consensusParams 
)

Check with the proof of work on each blockheader matches the value in nBits.

Definition at line 4143 of file validation.cpp.

◆ IsBIP30Repeat()

bool IsBIP30Repeat ( const CBlockIndex block_index)

Identifies blocks that overwrote an existing coinbase output in the UTXO set (see BIP30)

Definition at line 6354 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ IsBIP30Unspendable()

bool IsBIP30Unspendable ( const CBlockIndex block_index)

Identifies blocks which coinbase output was subsequently overwritten in the UTXO set (see BIP30)

Definition at line 6360 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ IsBlockMutated()

bool IsBlockMutated ( const CBlock block,
bool  check_witness_root 
)

Check if a block has been mutated (with respect to its merkle root and witness commitments).

Definition at line 4149 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ IsCurrentForFeeEstimation()

static bool IsCurrentForFeeEstimation ( Chainstate active_chainstate)
static

Definition at line 280 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ LimitMempoolSize()

static void LimitMempoolSize ( CTxMemPool pool,
CCoinsViewCache coins_cache 
)
static

Definition at line 264 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ LimitValidationInterfaceQueue()

static void LimitValidationInterfaceQueue ( ValidationSignals signals)
static

Definition at line 3461 of file validation.cpp.

◆ ProcessNewPackage()

PackageMempoolAcceptResult ProcessNewPackage ( Chainstate active_chainstate,
CTxMemPool pool,
const Package txns,
bool  test_accept,
const std::optional< CFeeRate > &  client_maxfeerate 
)

Validate (and maybe submit) a package to the mempool.

See doc/policy/packages.md for full details on package validation rules.

Parameters
[in]test_acceptWhen true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
[in]client_maxfeerateIf exceeded by an individual transaction, rest of (sub)package evaluation is aborted. Only for sanity checks against local submission of transactions.
Returns
a PackageMempoolAcceptResult which includes a MempoolAcceptResult for each transaction. If a transaction fails, validation will exit early and some results may be missing. It is also possible for the package to be partially submitted.

Definition at line 1906 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ PruneBlockFilesManual()

void PruneBlockFilesManual ( Chainstate active_chainstate,
int  nManualPruneHeight 
)

Prune block files up to a given height.

Definition at line 4688 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ SnapshotUTXOHashBreakpoint()

static void SnapshotUTXOHashBreakpoint ( const util::SignalInterrupt interrupt)
static

Definition at line 5882 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ TestBlockValidity()

bool TestBlockValidity ( BlockValidationState state,
const CChainParams chainparams,
Chainstate chainstate,
const CBlock block,
CBlockIndex pindexPrev,
bool  fCheckPOW,
bool  fCheckMerkleRoot 
)

Check a block is completely valid from start to finish (only works on top of our current best block)

Definition at line 4649 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE() [1/4]

TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE ( mempool  ,
rejected   
)

◆ TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE() [2/4]

TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE ( mempool  ,
replaced   
)

◆ TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE() [3/4]

TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE ( utxocache  ,
flush   
)

◆ TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE() [4/4]

TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE ( validation  ,
block_connected   
)

◆ UpdateCoins()

void UpdateCoins ( const CTransaction tx,
CCoinsViewCache inputs,
CTxUndo txundo,
int  nHeight 
)

Definition at line 2099 of file validation.cpp.

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◆ UpdateTipLog()

static void UpdateTipLog ( const ChainstateManager chainman,
const CCoinsViewCache coins_tip,
const CBlockIndex tip,
const std::string &  func_name,
const std::string &  prefix,
const std::string &  warning_messages 
)
static

Definition at line 2985 of file validation.cpp.

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Variable Documentation

◆ CHECKLEVEL_DOC

const std::vector<std::string> CHECKLEVEL_DOC
Initial value:
{
"level 0 reads the blocks from disk",
"level 1 verifies block validity",
"level 2 verifies undo data",
"level 3 checks disconnection of tip blocks",
"level 4 tries to reconnect the blocks",
"each level includes the checks of the previous levels",
}

Documentation for argument 'checklevel'.

Definition at line 97 of file validation.cpp.

◆ cs

bool pool cs
Initial value:
{
RecursiveMutex cs_main
Mutex to guard access to validation specific variables, such as reading or changing the chainstate.
Definition: cs_main.cpp:8
AssertLockHeld(pool.cs)

Definition at line 399 of file validation.cpp.

◆ DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL

constexpr std::chrono::hours DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL {24}
staticconstexpr

Time to wait between flushing chainstate to disk.

Definition at line 94 of file validation.cpp.

◆ DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL

constexpr std::chrono::hours DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL {1}
staticconstexpr

Time to wait between writing blocks/block index to disk.

Definition at line 92 of file validation.cpp.

◆ MAX_FEE_ESTIMATION_TIP_AGE

constexpr std::chrono::hours MAX_FEE_ESTIMATION_TIP_AGE {3}
staticconstexpr

Maximum age of our tip for us to be considered current for fee estimation.

Definition at line 96 of file validation.cpp.

◆ PRUNE_LOCK_BUFFER

constexpr int PRUNE_LOCK_BUFFER {10}
staticconstexpr

The number of blocks to keep below the deepest prune lock.

There is nothing special about this number. It is higher than what we expect to see in regular mainnet reorgs, but not so high that it would noticeably interfere with the pruning mechanism.

Definition at line 110 of file validation.cpp.